วันจันทร์ที่ 26 มีนาคม พ.ศ. 2555

รายชื่อกิริยาวลีและคำนิยาม Phrasal Verbs & Definitions ( R-S)

8. Phrasal Verbs R-S(701-800)

701  
rush about/around
To do something with urgent haste, e.g. Her family members were rushing around, making preparations on the day of her wedding.

rush into
To get hastily involved in something without sufficient consideration, e.g. He was invited to be the manager of a football team, but he does not want to rush into it before careful consideration.

rush ... out
To produce and distribute something very quickly.

rush ... through
To deal with something hurriedly.

702
rust away
To be gradually destroyed by rust.

703
rustle … up
To make something quickly.

704
sack out
To go to sleep or bed.

705
saddle up
To put a saddle on a horse.

saddle … with
To give someone a difficult or boring task.

706
sail through
To succeed easily at something, especially a test or examination.

707
sally forth
To set out to perform a challenging task.

708
salt … away
To secretly store something, especially money, for the future.

709
save on
To prevent wastage of something by minimizing the use of it.

710
savour of
To have a slight trace or indication of something.

711
saw at
To use a saw to cut something.

saw … off
To remove something with a saw.

saw … up
To use a saw to cut something into pieces.

712
scale … down
To reduce the size of operations of an organization, plan, etc.

713
scare … into
To frighten or threaten someone into doing something.

scare … away/off
To make or keep someone or something away by frightening them.

scare up
To make or do something from a limited source.

714
schlep around
To spend one’s time idling or lazing.

715
scope … out
To take a look at someone or something to understand their true nature.

716
score … out/through
To delete something by drawing a line through it.

717
scrape by/along
To manage to survive on the bare minimum.

scrape in/into
To just manage to succeed in getting something, e.g. just scraped into a position or college.

scrape through
To only just succeed in something such as passing an examination, etc.

scrape together/up
To manage to accumulate, collect or get something with difficulty.

718
scratch … out
To cancel or strike out something by drawing a line through it.

719
scream at
To become blatantly obvious or conspicuous.

720
screen … out
To protect from something dangerous or harmful entering or passing through.


To investigate someone or something to ascertain their suitability for a job, position, etc.

721
screw around
To fool about.


To have sex with different partners.

screw … out of
To act dishonestly or unfairly in order to deprive someone of money or something valuable, e.g. The man was finally arrested after screwing many people out of their savings.

screw ... over
To cheat or treat someone unfairly.

screw up
To manage or handle a situation badly, wrongly or ineffectively, e.g. He volunteered to help me in my work but instead screwed it up.

screw ... up
To cause someone to be emotionally or mentally disturbed, e.g. It really screwed her up when her flight was seriously delayed by a bomb hoax.

722
scrub … out
To thoroughly clean something such as a place, objects, etc.

scrub up
To thoroughly clean one’s hands and arms before doing a surgery.

723
scrum down
To form a scrum during a game of rugby.

724
scrunch … up
To crush or squeeze something into a round, compressed mass.

725
seal … in
To close something securely to prevent what it contains from getting out.

seal ... off
To cut off an area and deny access to and from it.

726
search … out
To try to find something by looking.

727
section … off
To divide an area into distinct parts by marking border lines between them.

728
see about
To attend to someone or deal with something, e.g. I would see about the food and drinks for the guests.


To inform or consult someone about a matter, e.g. I think I had better see someone in the government department about the potholes on the road leading to my house.

see around/round
To visit a place and move about looking at it, e.g. They would like to see around the cave.

see in
To notice a particular quality in someone or something, e.g. They see in him a young player with great potential.


To show the visitor the way in, e.g. He was told to see in only the members when they arrive.


To celebrate the new year, e.g. Each year millions of people throughout the world see in the new year.

see ... off
To send someone off at the place of departure such as airport, railway station, etc.


To evict an intruder from a property, e.g. Security guards were notified to see him off the premises.

see ... out
To accompany a guest to the door when he or she leaves.


To continue with something until it completes, not necessarily with enthusiasm, e.g. He is not enthusiastic but promised to see out the two-week campaign against smoking.

see over
To examine something with a view to acquiring it, e.g. He is seeing over the antique furniture on behalf of a potential buyer.

see through
To discover the truth about someone e.g. She could see through his deviant behaviour that he is not a suitable partner.


To provide help and care to someone who is in need, e.g. A home was set up in the area for the physically handicapped that should see them through the rest of their life.


To persist with something until it is completed, e.g. He allocates time from his busy schedule to see the project through.

see to
To deal with something or do something for someone, e.g. see to the needs of the poor.

729
seek … out
To look for and find someone or something.

730
seize on/upon
To grasp eagerly and take advantage of something such as an opportunity, idea, excuse, etc.

seize up
(Machine parts) to become jammed due to lack of oil, etc.

731
sell off
To get rid of unwanted things at cheap prices, especially when one needs the money.

sell … on
To make someone enthusiastic about something such as an idea, new products, novelties, etc.

sell oneself
To offer sex in return for money.

sell out
To sell all of a particular product with none left, e.g. The latest model of dishwasher was sold out in the first week.

sell ... out
To desert one’s beliefs, principles, etc. for personal gains.

sell up
To betray someone for one’s own financial or material benefit.


To sell one’s assets and other possessions such as house, business, yacht, car, etc.

732
send away
To cause to go or be delivered to another place, e.g. He was sent away to live with his grandmother when he was little.


His duties include sending away numerous brochures.

send … back
To return something to where it came from, e.g. The letter was wrongly delivered so I sent it back to the post office.

send ... down
To make something decreased in value, e.g. The company’s recent performance has sent its rating down.


To send someone to prison, e.g. He was sent down even for a minor offence.


To expel from a university, especially for immoral conduct.

send for
To summon someone to appear before one or order something to be sent to one.

send ... off
To order a player to leave the field by showing him a red card, as in a football game,  and be excluded from further participation in the match.


To cause to be delivered by post, e.g. He sent off the parcel yesterday.


To arrange someone to go to another place, e.g. They sent the children off to their grandparents for the weekend.


To order something to be delivered to one, e.g. We have sent off an order for some pizza.

send ... on
To pass on something that has been received to another place, e.g. The processed food is then sent on to the packing department.

send out
To emit something, e.g. Stars send out gamma rays, radio waves, etc.


To arrange for something to go or be taken to another place, e.g. Most of the invitation cards have been sent out.

send ... up
To cause something to increase in value, .e.g. Allowing greater foreign participation in the property sector has sent property prices up.

733
separate … out
To make or become apart or detached.

734
serve … out
To continue with something until it is complete, e.g. He has served out nearly half of his prison sentence.


To place food onto plates for handing over to someone such as customers, guests, etc.

serve ... up
To place food onto plates for people to eat.

735
set about
Start doing something that requires lots of efforts and time.


To attack someone with fists and legs.

set … against
To cause someone to fight or quarrel against another.


To offset something against, especially amount spent against tax in order to reduce the amount of tax payable.

set … apart
To distinguish someone or something that are more superior compared to others, e.g. the Nobel Prize awards set the laureates apart from other people.

set ... aside
To keep something for a special purpose, e.g. a room in a library is set aside for only reading newspapers.


To annul a legal decision or order, e.g. A verdict of a lower court was set aside by a judge of a higher court.

set ... back
To hinder the development of someone or something.

set ... down
To cost someone a lot of money.


To write about something for the record.

set forth
To stop a vehicle for someone to get out.

set ... forth
To start a journey, etc.

set in
To explain or describe something in writing or speech.

set off
(Something unpleasant) to begin and seem to continue for a long time.

set ... off
To go or embark on a journey.

set on/upon
To cause something such as a bomb, alarm, etc, to go off.


To make something such as a piece of clothing, etc. more attractive.

set out
To attack someone violently.

set ... out
To start a journey.


To begin to do or plan a course of action towards achieving a goal.

set to
To lay something out so that they can be arranged in a particular order.

set ... up
To start doing something eagerly and seriously.


To deliberately make an innocent person appear guilty or have done something wrong.


To make someone feel healthy and energetic.


To start a company, organization, etc.


To place or erect something such as a signboard, road block, statue, etc.

736
settle down
To make or become calmer or quieter, e.g. She should settle down as the driving test is not going to cost her life.


To go for a more secure lifestyle, especially in having a permanent job and own house, e.g. He hasn’t decided to settle down and raise a family despite having a house and a secure job.

settle for
To accept or agree to something, usually less than satisfactory to either side, e.g. She had stated a sum for her starting salary, but had to settle for a slightly less amount.

settle in/into
To adapt to a new surrounding.

settle on/upon
To decide or agree on something, e.g. They haven’t settled yet on the paint colour for the kitchen wall.

settle up
To agree on the final settlement on something such as sharing property, etc.


To pay for something such as a bill, account, etc.

737
sew … up
To remedy a fault by sewing it, e.g. sewing up a tear in a shirt.


To conclude a business transaction in a favourable way.


To have gained overall control over something.

738
shack up
To move in or start living with someone as a partner.

739
shade into
To be unable to distinguish where something ends and another begins.

740
shake down
To adapt to a new place.


To extort money from someone.


To sleep on the floor, on a seat, etc. instead of in a proper bed.


To search someone or something thoroughly.

shake ... off
To get rid of something such as an illness, problem, etc. that is bothering one, e.g. unable to shake off this gambling habit.


To escape from one’s pursuer.

shake on
To conclude something such as an agreement, etc. by shaking hands.

shake ... out
To shake something such as a shirt, cloth, etc. in order to remove any pieces of dirt, dust, etc. from it.

shake ... up
To make someone feel more enthusiastic, energetic and eager.


To make an organization, system, etc. more effective by introducing changes.

741
shape up
To develop or improve one’s behaviour, performance, physical fitness, etc. to the required standard.

742
sharpen … up
To improve something to the required standard, quality, etc.

743
shave … off
To remove hair off part of someone’s body by using a shaver or razor.


To reduce by a very slight amount, e.g. to shave half a second off the world record.

744
shell out
To pay a seemingly excessive amount of money for something.

745
shine through
(Personal quality or skill) to be plainly obvious.

746
shoot for/at
To try to achieve a particular aim, e.g. to shoot for a five percent growth rate for this year.

shoot … down
To bring someone, an aircraft, etc. down by shooting.

shoot off
To have to leave quickly or suddenly, e.g. He has to shoot off after receiving a telephone call.

shoot through
To depart hurriedly.

shoot up
To injure or damage someone or something by shooting them with bullets.


To increase rapidly in prices, number, etc., e.g. The prices of many food items have shot up; tall buildings are shooting up in many major cities across the world.


To inject oneself with a narcotic drug.

747
shop around
To look for the best price for the available quality goods.

748
shore … up
To help or support something that is likely to fail or is not working well.

749
shout … down
To prevent someone from speaking or being heard by shouting.

shout out
To say something suddenly in a loud voice.

750
shove off
To go away or to tell someone to go away.


To push a boat away from the shore.

shove up
To shift oneself to make space for someone else.

751
show … around
To take and guide someone round a place and point out the interesting features, especially when he is new.

show off
To display one’s abilities, accomplishments, or possessions in a boastful manner, especially to impress people and gain their admiration, e.g. He shows off his new car by sounding the horn unnecessarily.

show … off
To display something to others because one is very proud of it, e.g. His father bought Jack a large flashy car, and he is busy showing it off by driving all over town.

show up
To turn up at a place where one is expected to, e.g. He finally showed up at the restaurant where others are waiting for him.

show ... up
To expose someone as being bad or faulty.


To embarrass or humiliate someone.

752
shrink from
To avoid doing something difficult or unpleasant, e.g. shrink from making tough decisions.

753
shrug … off
To dismiss something as unimportant and without caring about it.

754
shuck off
To take off a piece of garment, e.g. He shucks off his jacket and plays a game of snooker.

755
shudder at
To think something is inappropriate or disagreeable, e.g. He shudders at what his parents would say when he tells them he’s dropped out of college.

756
shut … away
To isolate someone or something from being seen.


To put oneself in a place in order to be alone, e.g. He shut himself away in his room to continue with his work.

shut down
To cease or cause to cease business operation

shut ... in
To keep someone indoors or in a room.

shut off
To make something such as a machine, etc., stop operating, e.g. Someone accidentally pressed the wrong button on the remote control and shut off the television while everyone was watching it.


To stop or cut off supply, e.g. shutting off a tap, or a strike that closes a coal mine and shuts off coal supplies.

shut ... out
To deliberately prevent someone from participating in an activity, e.g. he felt he was being shut out when he was not invited to the party.


To prevent someone or something from entering a place, e.g. double-glazed windows shut out the cold and noise.


To prevent an opposing team from gaining points by scoring.

shut up
To make someone stop talking, e.g. They tried a few times to shut her up but failed.


To tell someone to stop talking, e.g. Wherever she is she tends to dominate the conversation, talking endlessly but no one would dare to tell her to shut up.


To keep someone from other people, e.g. He shut himself up in his room to prevent his cold from spreading to others.


To cease business activities for the day or permanently.

757
shy away from
To avoid doing something because of nervousness or lack of confidence, e.g. He shied away from an offer to speak at the club meeting.

758
sick … up
To vomit.

759
sicken of
To lose one’s desire for or interest in something.

760
sieve … out
To separate solid from liquid or small objects from large ones by using a sieve.

761
sift … out
To separate something from other things, e.g. It’s not always easy to sift out genuine products from fake ones.

762
sign away
To sign a document giving one’s property or legal right to someone else.

sign for
To sign a document acknowledging receipt of something.


To sign as a player, especially for a football team.

sign in
To write one’s name in a book, sign a book on arrival at, or enter a place such as hotel, office, club, etc.

sign off
To end a letter, broadcast, etc. by writing one’s name, bidding farewell, etc.

sign on
To sign a document agreeing to work for an employer.


To sign officially that one is unemployed.

sign ... on
To recruit someone into one’s employment.

sign out
To write one’s name in or sign a book when leaving a hotel, office, club, etc.

sign … over
To sign an official document conveying one’s property or rights to someone else.

sign up
To sign a document committing oneself to something such as a course of study, employment, specific petition, etc.

sign with
To enter legal agreement to play for a particular sports team.

763
silt up
To become filled with sand, mud, soil or other material.

764
sing along
To join in singing with someone who is already singing.

sing out
To sing loudly.

sing up
To request someone to sing more loudly.

765
single … out
To choose someone or something from a group of like people or things for favourable or adverse comment, or unfair treatment.

766
sink in
(Information, facts, ideas, words, etc.) to gradually become fully understood, e.g. His remark did not sink in immediately.

767
sit around/about
To sit down idling.

sit back
To be in a sitting and relaxing position in a comfortable chair.

sit down
To be in or get into a sitting position, e.g. I’m so busy I haven’t sat down since I got up from bed this morning.


To try to resolve a problem, e.g. They mutually agreed to sit down for a drink and sort out their disagreement over a certain matter.

sit in
To be at but not actively involved in a meeting.


To be temporarily doing something on behalf of someone.

sit on
To engage in a silent demonstration of protest.

sit ... out
To delay or fail to deal with something.


To not participate in an event, activity, etc.


To wait without taking action until an unpleasant or unwelcome situation is over.

sit through
To stay on until a meeting, talk, speech, performance, etc. ends, even if it is very long and boring.

sit up
To get into a sitting position from a lying position.


To stop oneself from going to bed and stay up very late.

768
size … up
To consider and judge about a person or situation.


To estimate or measure something’s dimensions.

769
skate over/around
To avoid addressing an issue or problem, or not according it the attention it deserves.

770
skin up
To make a cannabis cigarette.

771
skip out/off
To leave quickly and secretly in order to evade something such as paying bill, etc.


A person who defaults or absconds.

772
slag off
To strongly criticize someone, especially behind their back.

773
slam into
To crash hard into something, e.g. The car slammed into a tree.

774
slap … down
To unjustifiably criticize someone.

slap … on
To apply something hastily or carelessly on something else.

775
slaver over
To show excessive admiration for something in a silly way.

776
sleep around
To have sex with numerous people.

sleep in
To wake up much later than usual in the morning.

sleep … off
To recover from something by sleeping, e.g. to sleep off the effects of drinking too much alcohol.

sleep through
To sleep continuously without being awakened by anything that happens.


To sleep continuously at length.

sleep together
To have sex.

sleep with
To have sex with someone, especially someone whom one is not married to.

777
slice … off
To separate something from another by cutting easily with a sharp knife or edge.

778
slick … down/back
To make one’s hair flat, smooth, and glossy by using oil, or cream, etc.

slick ... up
To make someone or something smart, tidy, or stylish.

779
slip into
To put clothes on quickly.


To pass gradually to a worse condition, e.g. slip into unconsciousness or a coma.

slip ... off
To take clothes off quickly.

slip ... on
To put clothes on quickly.

slip out
To move away quickly, or secretly.


To say something without thinking or real intention to say it.

slip out of
To accidentally slide or move out of position or from someone’s grasp.


To quickly get out of one’s clothes.

slip up 
To make a careless mistake.

780
slob around
To idle and behave in a lazy, relaxed and unconcerned manner.

781
slobber over
To show one’s excessive interest in someone in an annoying way.

782
slop about/around
To wander in an aimless or slovenly manner; mess about.

slop out
(Prisoners) to empty out the contents of their chamber-pots.

slop through
To wade through a wet or muddy area.

783
slope off
To leave a place quietly, and inconspicuously in order to avoid work or duty.

784
slot in/into
To fit someone or something into something else such as a plan, organization, a new role, situation, etc.

785
slough … off
To get rid of something such as the outer layer of old skin, etc.


To banish one’s feelings, belief, etc., e.g. He was to slough off all feelings of guilt.

786
slow down
To become or make something such as a vehicle, etc. slower, e.g. Many a time his girlfriend asked him to slow down or she would get out of the car.

787
smack of
To have a flavour, smell, or suggestion of something, e.g. a piece of writing that smacks of hypocrisy.

788
smarten up
To make someone or something look neat, tidy and stylish.

789
smash … down
To knock something down violently.

smash … in
To hit or collide with something violently or forcefully.

smash … up
To deliberately damage or destroy something, e.g. smash the place up.

790
smell … out
To find something by smelling.


To detect or suspect by means of instinct or intuition.

791
smoke … out
To force someone or something out of a place by filling it with smoke.

792
smooth … away
To dispose of something such as problems, difficulties, etc.

smooth … over
To make a situation or the effects of something less unpleasant, harmful, or serious.

793
snap … on/off
To turn a light on/off

snap out of
To get out of a bad or sad state to a better one.

snap … up
To get or buy something quickly, especially because it is in short supply or very cheap.

794
snatch at
To seize something quickly.

795
sneak in/into
To enter a place unnoticed, e.g. The boys managed to sneak past the ticket collector into the circus tent.

sneak on
To officially inform someone or provide them with information about something or someone else’s misdeeds.

sneak out
To exit a place unnoticed, e.g. The kids sneaked out of the church by crawling between the empty pews.

sneak up
To creep stealthily up to someone.

796
sniff around/round
To investigate something in a covert manner.

sniff out
To find out something by investigation.

797
snuff … out
To extinguish or put an abrupt end to something.

798
soak … up
To use something such as a sponge, cloth, towel, etc. to absorb a liquid.


To learn something quickly and easily.

799
sober … up
To become or make someone become less drunk.

800
sock in
To be engulfed by adverse weather conditions, reducing visibility.