บทที่ 3 - คำคุณศัพท์ Adjectives

( 3) ADJECTIVES An adjective is a word that tells us something about a noun, that is, about a person, an animal, a thing or a place. For example: She is a pretty girl. A giraffe has a long neck. The table is round. That is an old temple. There are various kinds of adjectives: 1. An adjective which tells us about the quality of the noun. For example: the blue sky, a big house, a square table, a cold morning. 2. An adjective which tells us about the quatity of the noun. For example: The zoo has many animals. The pen has not much ink left. 3. An adjective which tells us about the ownership of the noun. For example: That is my dog. Those are their bicycles. 4. An adjective which poses question in an ‘interrogative’ manner. For example: Which school do you go to? Whose car is this? 5. An adjective which specifies a noun. For example: This boy is a member of the club. That girl is my sister. ¨ Adjectives which end in ‘-ing’, e.g. an interesting film, an amazing player, an annoying habit, ¨ Adjectives which end in ‘-ed, e.g. the damaged goods, the escapedprisoners, improved version, Forming adjectives Adding ‘y’.Drop ‘e’. Add ‘ful’.* Change ‘y’ to ‘i’. Add ‘ous’ or ‘ious’. *Drop ‘y’. Add ‘less’. anger care mountain aim ease* doubt danger end greed peace industry harm ice* beauty* mystery* sense oil pity* glory* use Add ‘al’. * Drop ‘e’. Add ‘able’. Add ‘ic’.*Drop ‘y’. Add ‘ive’. music accept acrobat attract nation comfort artist effect person enjoy photograph act nature* fashion sympathy* instruct agriculture* respect robot progress Adjectives can be formed from Nouns. Noun Adjective accident accidental danger dangerous length long star starry wind windy Adjectives can be formed from Verbs. Verb Adjective enjoy enjoyable help helpful obey obedient play playful talk talkative Adjectives can be formed from Adjectives. Adjective Adjective comic comical correct corrective elder elderly red reddish sick sickly Comparison of adjectives · We use the Positive degree to compare two equal nouns. For example: His house is as big as my house. · We use the Comparative degree to compare two unequal nouns. For example: His house is bigger than my house. · We use the Superlative degree to compare three or more Nouns. For example: His house is the biggest in the neighbourhood. Positive Comparative Superlative bold bolder boldest deep deeper deepest near nearer nearest rich richer richest tall taller tallest Positive Comparative Superlative careful more careful most careful enjoyable more enjoyable most enjoyable forgetful more forgetful most forgetful useful more useful most useful wonderful more wonderful most wonderful Positive Comparative Superlative bad worse worst good better best little less least