วันพฤหัสบดีที่ 12 มกราคม พ.ศ. 2555

บทที่ 3 - คำคุณศัพท์ Adjectives

( 3) ADJECTIVES
An adjective is a word that tells us something about a noun, that is, about a person, an animal, a thing or a place.
For example:
She is a pretty girl.
A giraffe has a long neck.
The table is round.
That is an old temple.
There are various kinds of adjectives:
1. An adjective which tells us about the quality of the noun.
For example: the blue sky, a big house, a square table, a cold morning.
2. An adjective which tells us about the quatity of the noun.
For example: The zoo has many animals.
The pen has not much ink left.
3. An adjective which tells us about the ownership of the noun.
For example: That is my dog.
Those are their bicycles.
4. An adjective which poses question in an ‘interrogative’ manner.
For example: Which school do you go to?
Whose car is this?
5. An adjective which specifies a noun.
For example: This boy is a member of the club.
That girl is my sister.
¨ Adjectives which end in ‘-ing’, e.g. an interesting film, an amazing player, an annoying habit,
¨ Adjectives which end in ‘-ed, e.g. the damaged goods, the escapedprisoners, improved version,

Forming adjectives

Adding ‘y’.Drop ‘e’.
Add ‘ful’.* Change ‘y’ to ‘i’.
Add ‘ous’ or ‘ious’. *Drop ‘y’.
Add ‘less’.
anger
care
mountain
aim
ease*
doubt
danger
end
greed
peace
industry
harm
ice*
beauty*
mystery*
sense
oil
pity*
glory*
use

Add ‘al’. * Drop ‘e’.
Add ‘able’.
Add ‘ic’.*Drop ‘y’.
Add ‘ive’.
music
accept
acrobat
attract
nation
comfort
artist
effect
person
enjoy
photograph
act
nature*
fashion
sympathy*
instruct
agriculture*
respect
robot
progress
Adjectives can be formed from Nouns.
Noun
Adjective
accident
accidental
danger
dangerous
length
long
star
starry
wind
windy
Adjectives can be formed from Verbs.
Verb
Adjective
enjoy
enjoyable
help
helpful
obey
obedient
play
playful
talk
talkative
Adjectives can be formed from Adjectives.
Adjective
Adjective
comic
comical
correct
corrective
elder
elderly
red
reddish
sick
sickly

Comparison of adjectives

· We use the Positive degree to compare two equal nouns. For example: His house is as big as my house.
· We use the Comparative degree to compare two unequal nouns. For example: His house is bigger than my house.
· We use the Superlative degree to compare three or more Nouns. For example: His house is the biggest in the neighbourhood.

Positive
Comparative
Superlative
bold
bolder
boldest
deep
deeper
deepest
near
nearer
nearest
rich
richer
richest
tall
taller
tallest

Positive
Comparative
Superlative
careful
more careful
most careful
enjoyable
more enjoyable
most enjoyable
forgetful
more forgetful
most forgetful
useful
more useful
most useful
wonderful
more wonderful
most wonderful

Positive
Comparative
Superlative
bad
worse
worst
good
better
best
little
less
least