วันพฤหัสบดีที่ 12 มกราคม พ.ศ. 2555

บทที่ 7 - สรรพนาม Pronouns

( 7)  PRONOUNS
A Pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. It refers to a person or thing without giving the name.
There are two types of Personal Pronouns:
(1) those used as subjects; and
(2) those used as objects.
Personal Pronouns

Singular
Plural

Subject
Object
Subject
Object
First Person
I
Me
We
Us
Second Person
You
You
You
You
Third Person
He
She
It
Him
Her
It
They
They
They
Them
Them
Them

Reflexive Pronouns
We use the Reflexive Pronoun when the action of the doer goes back to himself so that the Subject of the sentence is the same person as the object.
Example: He has hurt himself.
Pronouns like ‘himself' are called Reflexive Pronouns. They always end in ‘self '.
Reflexive Pronouns
Singular
Plural
First Person
Myself
Ourselves
Second Person
Yourself
Yourselves
Third Person
Himself
Herself
Itself
Themselves
Themselves
Themselves

Relative Pronouns
The Relative Pronouns take the place of Nouns or Pronouns; and they are used to join two sentences about the same person or thing.
Examples of relative pronouns: whowhichthatwhom and whose.
In most cases, we use whowhose and whom to make statements about people.

§  ¨ We use who to join two sentences.
Example: "The man is an artist. He drew that picture."
"The man is an artist who drew that picture."

§  ¨ We use whose to show possession or relationship.
Example: "That is my uncle whose son is my cousin."

§  ¨ We use which or that in almost the same way as we use who but it refers tothings, not human beings. There is one other difference in the way we use who andwhich. After who we put a verb. After which we can put a verb, a pronoun or anoun.
Example: That is the camera which costs fifty dollars. That is the camera which hebought. That is the camera which John likes.

§  ¨ We use whom to make a statement about human beings. It is used in place ofwho (a) when it is the object of a verb or (b) when it comes after a preposition.
Example: (a) The man whom they caught was sent to prison. (b) The man to whomyou should speak is my uncle.